Steganographic techniques with varying degrees of embedding capacity, perceptual transparency, and security are presented. These techniques have been developed to protect privileged or confidential information restricted to public access and to replace cryptography methods. In this study, three embedding algorithms, namely, least significant bit insertion, bit-plane complexity segmentation, and enhanced version of pixel value difference (EPVD) were implemented and analyzed in terms of the main steganography issues (payload, invisibility, and security) using a different proper performance metrics. This study was motivated by the minimal research focus accorded to hiding data in compression domain for the class of video-based embedding methods. Therefore, analyzing steganographic algorithms is generally based on hiding information in the quantized AC-Coefficients of the frames during the MPEG-2 compression process. Simulation results reveal that EPVD provides better embedded payload and acceptable visual quality, but lower PSNR value.

Most students do not know how to compose a good piece of writing

The aim of this paper is to determine the Fekete-Szegö inequalities for a normalized analytic function defined on the open unit disk lies in a region starlike with respect to 1 and it is symmetric with respect to the real axis by using the operator given recently by the authors. As a special case of this result, Fekete-Szegö inequality for a class of functions defined by fractional derivatives is also obtained.

Ad hoc underwater acoustic networks represent a very challenging field in digital communications due to the extreme nature of the underwater acoustic channel and also the requirement to meet critical needs in order to establish long range propagation, decentralisation and reliability. As a fact the underwater acoustic communications speed is five times less than the magnitude of the radio waves, and this makes the underwater acoustic suffer from high propagation delay and minimum throughput. This paper discusses the influence of the backoff windows on the ad hoc on demand Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) protocol. Underwater Acoustic Media Access Control (UAMAC) is implemented in a NS2 simulator to adopt the Multiple Access Collision Avoidance and Acknowledgment (MACAW) scheme. The simulation results for the developed system are presented.

ABSTRACT:- For electrical drives good dynamic performance is mandatory so as to respond to the changes in command speed and torques, so various speed control techniques are being used for real time applications. The speed of a Three Phase Induction Motor can be controlled using various controllers like PID Controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller, Genetic Algorithm (GA) controller and Hybrid FuzzyGenetic Controller. Fuzzy-Genetic Controller is recently getting increasing emphasis in process control applications. The paper describes application of Hybrid Fuzzy-Genetic Controller in an enhancement of Static & Dynamic Response of the Three Phase Induction Motor under the effect of the external disturbances and noise that uses the Fuzzy-GA Controller for enhancement of Static & Dynamic Response of the Three Phase Induction Motor under the effect of the external disturbances and noise is implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation study indicates the superiority Hybrid Fuzzy-Genetic Controller over the Genetic Algorithm and fuzzy logic controller separately. This control seems to have a lot of promise in the applications of power electronics. The speed of the Three Phases Induction Motor Drives can be adjusted to a great extent so as to provide easy control and high performance. There are several conventional and numeric types of controllers intended for controlling the Three Phase Induction Motor speed and executing various tasks: PID Controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller; or the combination between them: Fuzzy-Swarm, Fuzzy-Neural Networks,  

Fuzzy-Genetic Algorithm, Fuzzy-Ants Colony. We describe in this paper the use of Hybrid FuzzyGenetic Controller for enhancement of Static & Dynamic Response of the Three Phases Induction Motor Drives under the effect of the external disturbances. In this case, the obtained results were simulated on Simulink of Matlab.

Keywords: Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Hybrid Fuzzy-Genetic Controller (FLC-GA) 

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is considered as an endemic parasitic infection in certain areas of Libya. One of these established areas is Gharian province. One hundred and forty cutaneous leishmaniasis cases were recorded in Gharian outpatient polyclinic during the period from December 2007 to May 2008. Of these cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, sixty seven cases were children and seventy three cases were adults. The infection was clinically diagnosed and confirmed by the demonstration of Leishmania parasite on smears from lesion biopsies. These Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) cases were classified according to the gender and age. We found that the percentage of infected male children and adult cases (58.20% and 56.16% respectively) was more than that of the infected female children and adult cases (41.79% and 43.84% respectively).We observed that the highest number of the infected children cases was within 10 - 14 years age group of both sexes, while the highest number of affected adults was within 25 - 35 years age group of both sexes. The study of geographical distribution of both children and adult CL cases within Aljabal Algharbi subprovinces revealed that the majority of both children and adult CL cases have been reported from Al-kawasem subprovince, while there was difference in the geographical distribution of minority of both adult and children CL cases. The majority of the reported children CL were school children while the minority was preschool children. In adults, the majority of adult CL cases were officers, students and housewives,while the minority of adult Cl cases were nurses. In children, the percentage of the CL cases that had single and multiple lesions was approximately equal. On the other hand, the percentage of the adult CL cases that had multiple lesions was more than the percentage of the adult CL cases that had single lesions. We observed that the pattern of distribution of CL lesions was different between children and adult cases. In children, it was found that the face was the most affected part in male and female cases; the upper and lower extremities were the moderately affected parts in both sexes, while the least affected part in male and female cases was the back. In contrast, in adults, it was found that the most affected parts in male and female cases were the upper and lower extremities, while the face and neck were the least affected parts in male and female cases. There was three clinical presentations of the disease in this study; nodular, ulcerated nodular and crusted nodular. In children and adults, the majority of the CL cases had ulcerated nodular lesions, while the minority of the CL cases had crusted nodular lesions. All reported cutaneous leishmaniasis have been treated. The majority of the CL cases have been treated with only local liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, while the minority was treated with antimony compounds. The cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in this study showed various clinical patterns, different types of lesions and various geographical distributions. This suggests that there may be more than 2 on species of Leishmania responsible for the cutaneous leishmaniasis infection among people of Al-jabal Al-gharbi province. This needs further study to identify the species of Leishmania responsible for the disease.