The goal of this study was to investigate the vegetation composition and structure of the Al-Orban area in Gharyan district, Libya over two continues growing seasons from the first of January 2020 to the first of Jaunary 2022. During this period, a total of 309 plant species were identified and collected in the field. These species belonged to 43 families, with 39 families of dicotyledons and 4 families of monocotyledons. The most dominant family was Asteraceae with 60 species, followed by Fabaceae with 32 species, Poaceae with 33 species, and Brassicaceae with 35 species. The most dominant genera were Plantago and Euphorbia, each represented by 6 species, followed by Erodium and Chenopodiun with 5 species each, and Astragalus, Centaurea, Rumex, Concolvulus, and Stipa each represented by 4 species. Life-form spectrum analysis indicated that Therophytes were the most predominant with 189 species, followed by Hemicryptophytes with 47 species, and geophytes with 40 species. Furthermore, chorotype spectrum analysis showed the dominance of Mediterranean species with 128 species, followed by Mediterranean/Iranian-Turanian with 66 species. These findings provide valuable insight into the plant diversity and distribution in the Al-Orban area of Gharyan district, Libya.

Engineering education has a crucial role in the economic and social development of society; this paper aims to investigate the most significant factors that contributing in improving the quality of the engineering education. Furthermore, identify the factors affecting the students’ academic performance. The study was conducted by using statistical Design of Experiments (DOE) approach to investigate the main effects of lecture delivery, assessment, engagement, communication, and interaction with instructors. Minitab software is implemented to perform statistical analysis to identify the significance of each factor, and degree by which each factor influences the students’ academic achievement. Results showed that the students’ academic performance is affected by the availability of course materials, and communications with instructors.

This paper addresses a bi-criteria optimization problem to minimize total flow time and makespan simultaneously for a cellular flowshop with Sequence Dependent Setup Times (FMCSP with SDSTs); A multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) and a Multi-objective Simulated Annealing (MOSA) Algorithm are proposed to solve the proposed problem. furthermore, an improved algorithm (named as IMPSO-TA), where MPSO is combined with Threshold Acceptance (TA) algorithm to improve the convergence of the obtained Pareto Fronts. The proposed algorithms are evaluated using several Quality Indicators (QI) measures for multi-objective optimization problems. Results showed that proposed algorithms can generate approximated Pareto Fronts in a reasonable CPU time. Furthermore, quality of Pareto fronts generated by IMPSO-TA is better than Pareto fronts found by MPSO and MOSA based on the test problems that are used in this research at the cost of CPU time. Further, the proposed IMPSO-TA performs as best available algorithms in the literature for small and medium test problems with a very minor deviation for best results for large test problems.

في هدا البحث كنتيجة لنظرية العوامل الوحيدة في نظرية الاعداد والتي تنص على ان كل عدد طبيعي هو عدد اولى او يمكن كتابته كحاصل ضرب اعداد اولية , بالإمكان تقسيم مجموعة الاعداد الطبيعية الى عدد لانهائي من المستويات المنفصلة التي يحتوى كل مستوى منها عدد لانهائي من الاعداد ماعدا المستوى .

وكانت الدراسة متمثلة في الاتى :

1-مقارنة الاعداد في كل المستويات

2-قابلية القسمة بين كل الاعداد في كل المستويات

https://dspace.zu.edu.ly/bitstream/handle/1/2293/Walid%20Al-Dawy%20Al-Mashreqi.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

رابط البحث

The impact of using Total Physical Response in teaching vocabulary to younger learners in Assaba area (Jandoba Preparatory School)

Waleed aldhawi almishraqi

Faculty of Arts –Assaba

University of Gharyan

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether teaching vocabulary to students through Total Physical Response is effective. The 8th grade and his English teacher at Jandob Preparatory School were the case study of this paper. In collecting data, the researcher used test and interview. The tests were used to know the improvement of the vocabulary after using TPR method. Meanwhile, the interview was used to know to what extend teacher know TPR. According to tests results showed that improvement of students after using TPR from 41.6% to 74.2%andthe information obtained from the teacher's interview shown that he was unaware of TPR. The findings of the study support the idea that TPR improve students' vocabulary understanding.

Key words : Total physical response(TPR), vocabulary, students, elementary, pupils.

هدف هذه الدراسة هو التأكد مما إذا كان تدريس المفردات للطلاب من خلال الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية فعالًا. وكانت دراسة حالة الصف الثامن ومعلم اللغة الإنجليزية في مدرسة جندوبة الإعدادية هي موضوع هذه الورقة. في جمع البيانات، استخدم الباحث الاختبار والمقابلة. استخدمت الاختبارات لمعرفة تحسين المفردات بعد استخدام طريقة الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية. في حين استخدمت المقابلة لمعرفة مدى دراية المعلم بالاستجابة الجسدية الكلية. ووفقًا لنتائج الاختبارات، أظهرت تحسينًا في مستوى المفردات للطلاب بعد استخدام الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية من 41.6٪ إلى 74.2٪ ، وأظهرت معلومات المقابلة التي تم الحصول عليها من المعلم أنه غير مدرك للتقنية. تدعم نتائج الدراسة فكرة أن الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية تحسن فهم المفردات لدى الطلاب

كلمات مفتاحية: الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية (TPR) ، المفردات ، الطلاب ، المرحلة الإعدادية  ، الطلاب.

Abstract

The research was conducted to investigate the impact of classroom interaction on English language learning different levels of education. Furthermore, the meaning of classroom interaction has been defined. In addition, some factors to create effective and interaction in classroom have mentioned. Also, some effective and remarkable strategies were presented in order to help teachers to get better performance. Moreover, some teaching methods were suggested to develop the classroom interaction skills of students. 

Abstract

This research was conducted to investigate the difficulties that faced teachers and EFL learners while they are teaching speaching skills. Furthermore, it has been defined the meaning of teaching speaking. In addition, it has been expounded some strategies which help teachers to get better performance during teaching speaking skills. It has been mentioned some effective teaching techniques in which focus on young learners and the importance role of teachers in teaching speacking skills. Also, a number of advices have been mentioned to guarantee efficient learning.

Abstract

 In recent years, there has been much emphasis and motivation for teaching at schools of different levels to move from the traditional way of teaching “chalk and talk‟ to a more creative and innovative teaching methodology. In this paper, it has been defined the creative thinking and its hidden meaning, also it has explained the creativity as a process which has included four kinds (fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration). Likewise, it has been mention some barriers that prevent the students of the creative thinking that has divided into three kinds of blocks (perceptual blocks, emotional blocks and cultural blocks). Furthermore, some stimulated strategies and techniques have been explainedd in order to enhance and support using creative thinking of young students. In addition , distinct types of media which have been involved in modern teaching techniques in order to create more creative thoughts which may be helpful in improving the creative thinking of young students. Moreover, some facts about how to prepare for the age of modern teaching technology have offered. Some remarkable examples: encourage students to use different computer programs, electronic mail, databases in their research or ask and answer of their varied questions. The importance of this paper has been embodied in the following: It gives opportunity to influence the personality of teachers to improve their traditional methods of teaching and it is an attempt to change the ministry of education’s policies relating to the current curriculum , in order to move forward more understanding and creative thinking of the information more than memorization.