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Abstract

This study aims to discover the problems that face Libyan university

students when translating Libyan proverbs into English. It also focuses on

the techniques applied by the students in the translation process. To

achieve the goals, the researchers asked the study participants to

translate about ten Libyan proverbs into Arabic. The sample of this study

consisted of twelve second year students specialized in translation from

the English department in the Assabha Faculty of Arts. The results

showed that some students faced problems in transferring the meaning of

Libyan proverbs into the target language (English). This could be

attributed to the different culture between both languages (i.e. Arabic and

English) The results also revealed that the participants used literal

translation method as their primary strategy. Translation tutors and

curriculum designers need to focus on the effective strategies to achieve

the correct translation of Libyan proverbs into English

In this paper we present an approach to optimistic concurrency control where the write phase occurs before the validation phase (RWV instead of RVW). Our work extends earlier research into real-time databases that utilized virtual execution to lower disk access overheads. Such work demonstrated that virtual execution allowed an increase in transactions completing before deadlines expired and improvements in overall throughput. However, we demonstrate that only with the reversal of the write and validation phases can virtual execution reach its full potential.

Abstract: The igneous rock unit of Al-Haruj Al-Aswad were interpreted using satellite image. The satellite image of Land sat bands from one tosevenhas captured by the Thematic Mapper (TM7) scanner. These imageswere processed and interpreted with following standard technique. Karhunen– Loèvetransform were employed to produce principalcomponent images. Then, they were paintedby using RGB color system to produce false color images from principal component images and ratio images. The resulted images were interpreted in the matter of geology of the area.Theprincipalcomponent transformation is helpful in mapping different lava flow phases in the area. This transform have used the correlation between the corresponding pixels in images of different bands. Six lava flow phases was interpreted depends on their color and shade in the processed satellite images. 

Due to an account of its excellent hardness and wear behavior, AISI D2 is used widely in producing of blanking and cold-forming dies, Punches, Shafts, Studs, and Bolts. Increasing toughness at a fixed high level of hardness is growing requirement for this kind of applications. Improving microstructure characteristics, especially carbides distribution by specific heat treatment, is an appropriate way to meet such requirement. The effect of quenching media on microstructure and hardness of pre-heated and austentized (at 980oC) AISI-D2 tool steel has been studied, and hardness and carbides morphology have been investigated. Three different medias, water, oil and water/oil (time quenching) have been used, then all samples were followed by the same tempering 350oC/1 hour. It has been found that the optimal carbides distribution and optimum hardness have been resulted from a time quenching method.

Since the last century, universities in developed countries have begun to work on technology transfer. Thus, the process of marketing the technologies discovered by those universities became an engine of economic growth, as these universities played a significant role in bringing innovative ideas to the market. Since then, technology transfer activities that were previously practiced by elite universities have received attention due to increasing university revenues, creating research links between academia and industry.

In this paper, we review the aspects related to the process of technology transfer in terms of its importance, and its model of work in universities, starting with the phase of discovering and evaluating the invention, the phase of patenting, and ending with the phase of marketing. The working mechanism of Technology Transfer Office (TTO) and the infrastructure necessary to establish these offices and the role of entrepreneurship and innovation centers in universities to perform their role effectively is also highlighted. The research aims to design an optimal dynamic and flexible model of the TTO at the University of Gharyan rearranging some traditional components and establish additional innovation pathways and make it more effective.

Keywords:Technology Transfer Office (TTO); Technological Transfer models; economic development.

Abstract

The rock units of Wadi El-shati were classified to group of clusters to explain the concentration of iron ore by using enhanced satellite image. The several images of single band of Thematic Mapper (TM7) of Landsat were combined to produce multispectral image bands. It was processed by group of filters after the false color image has been made. The filtered image was classified with unsupervised classification after the image ratio has been done by dividing band 3 on band1. Finally, we reached the classified image has concentration of iron tone.

• Experimental and theoretical comparisons have been performed for natural convection heat transfer over rectangular fins array at different fin parameters. This investigation includes the effect of fin length, fin spacing, fin height, orientation angle, and temperature difference between the heat sink and the surrounding environment. To understand the general flow patterns dominating flows from the heat sink, the three dimensionless elliptic governing equations were solved using finite volume computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, and the experimental work was carried for the system at different orientations. A new empirical correlation (modified of McAdam's correlation) was derived to correlate the mean Nusselt number as a function of the Rayleigh number. The average heat transfer coefficient has a maximum value at an orientation angle equal to zero degrees, and it decreases with an increasing orientation angle. The heat transfer rate per unit base area increases as fin spacing increase until it reaches a maximum value (6.5 mm), then it decreases with a further increase of fin spacing. The results of these investigations between the experimental and theoretical study were showing good agreements with similar international works.

This paper presents a new high-capacity algorithm for audio watermarking for the purpose of embedding a watermark audio signal into an original audio signal. This algorithm uses DCT (discrete cosine transform) in combination with SVD (singular value decomposition), DWT (discrete wavelet transform), and CZT (chirp ztransform). For the purpose of ensuring high levels of imperceptibility and robustness, a low-frequency sub band of 1-level DWT is selected to embed the watermark, followed by DCT, CZT, and SVD. As a result, the proposed algorithm achieves a high capacity of 352800 bits per second while a good quality audio signal is maintained (having an objective difference grade of more than-0.04). It also provides high imperceptibility (a signal to noise ratio of more than 58 dB) and it is extremely resistant to common audio attacks, including requantizing, resampling, additive white Gaussian noise or AWGN, MP3 compression, and low-pass filtering. The proposed algorithm presents much better compared to the audio watermarking algorithms already existent.