Using Hyland’s (2000) model as a research tool and drawing on Hyland’s (2005a) model of metadiscourse, this article presents a pragmatic two-level rhetorical analysis of the constituent moves within research article abstracts. It specifically zeroes in on the identification and mapping of the most frequently used metadiscourse markers signifying these moves. The findings highlight that Libyan authors employ interactive markers more often than interactional ones. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis of metadiscourse indicate that transitions, endophoric markers, and frame markers emerge as the dominant interactive categories. In contrast, interactional metadiscourse is predominantly represented by attitude markers, hedges, and boosters. Based on the findings, Move 1 features the highest frequency of metadiscourse markers, followed by Move 2. Notably, transitions stand out as the most prevalent category across all moves. This study carries pedagogical implications for academic writing practices among Libyan academic writers and students alike. Moreover, it enhances the existing body of research on the genre of research articles.

Purpose

Since financial sector plays a critical economic role in Hong Kong, the current research aims to comprehensively analyze the association between financial development and economic growth in the country to draw correct conclusions about the impact that financial sector's development has on the growth of the economy. This requires both using of more comprehensive data that includes all or nearly all elements of the country's financial sector and utilizing advanced econometrics techniques to provide more reliable evidence based on the findings. In the study, both issues have been addressed more academically to aid the relevant authorities better.

Design/methodology/approach

This study empirically examines the financial development-economic growth nexus in Hong Kong employing data covering 1980–2019. The quantile-on-quantile (QQ) approach of Sim and Zhou (2015) is utilized to investigate certain subtle aspects of the association linking financial development and economic growth. In addition, the authors benefit from applying the nonlinear Granger causality test of Diks and Panchenko (2006) to assess the variables' nexus in a nonlinear manner.

Findings

In contrast to the evidence of a unidirectional linkage documented in many related studies, the empirical findings suggest that a bi-directional relationship exists between financial development and economic growth for Hong Kong. This is a helpful input for the relevant policymakers and implies that they can set appropriate policies and regulations to balance financial development and economic growth in this country.

في هدا البحث كنتيجة لنظرية العوامل الوحيدة في نظرية الاعداد والتي تنص على ان كل عدد طبيعي هو عدد اولى او يمكن كتابته كحاصل ضرب اعداد اولية , بالإمكان تقسيم مجموعة الاعداد الطبيعية الى عدد لانهائي من المستويات المنفصلة التي يحتوى كل مستوى منها عدد لانهائي من الاعداد ماعدا المستوى .

وكانت الدراسة متمثلة في الاتى :

1-مقارنة الاعداد في كل المستويات

2-قابلية القسمة بين كل الاعداد في كل المستويات

https://dspace.zu.edu.ly/bitstream/handle/1/2293/Walid%20Al-Dawy%20Al-Mashreqi.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

رابط البحث

The impact of using Total Physical Response in teaching vocabulary to younger learners in Assaba area (Jandoba Preparatory School)

Waleed aldhawi almishraqi

Faculty of Arts –Assaba

University of Gharyan

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether teaching vocabulary to students through Total Physical Response is effective. The 8th grade and his English teacher at Jandob Preparatory School were the case study of this paper. In collecting data, the researcher used test and interview. The tests were used to know the improvement of the vocabulary after using TPR method. Meanwhile, the interview was used to know to what extend teacher know TPR. According to tests results showed that improvement of students after using TPR from 41.6% to 74.2%andthe information obtained from the teacher's interview shown that he was unaware of TPR. The findings of the study support the idea that TPR improve students' vocabulary understanding.

Key words : Total physical response(TPR), vocabulary, students, elementary, pupils.

هدف هذه الدراسة هو التأكد مما إذا كان تدريس المفردات للطلاب من خلال الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية فعالًا. وكانت دراسة حالة الصف الثامن ومعلم اللغة الإنجليزية في مدرسة جندوبة الإعدادية هي موضوع هذه الورقة. في جمع البيانات، استخدم الباحث الاختبار والمقابلة. استخدمت الاختبارات لمعرفة تحسين المفردات بعد استخدام طريقة الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية. في حين استخدمت المقابلة لمعرفة مدى دراية المعلم بالاستجابة الجسدية الكلية. ووفقًا لنتائج الاختبارات، أظهرت تحسينًا في مستوى المفردات للطلاب بعد استخدام الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية من 41.6٪ إلى 74.2٪ ، وأظهرت معلومات المقابلة التي تم الحصول عليها من المعلم أنه غير مدرك للتقنية. تدعم نتائج الدراسة فكرة أن الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية تحسن فهم المفردات لدى الطلاب

كلمات مفتاحية: الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية (TPR) ، المفردات ، الطلاب ، المرحلة الإعدادية  ، الطلاب.

Abstract

This research was conducted to investigate the difficulties that faced teachers and EFL learners while they are teaching speaching skills. Furthermore, it has been defined the meaning of teaching speaking. In addition, it has been expounded some strategies which help teachers to get better performance during teaching speaking skills. It has been mentioned some effective teaching techniques in which focus on young learners and the importance role of teachers in teaching speacking skills. Also, a number of advices have been mentioned to guarantee efficient learning.

Abstract

The research was conducted to investigate the impact of classroom interaction on English language learning different levels of education. Furthermore, the meaning of classroom interaction has been defined. In addition, some factors to create effective and interaction in classroom have mentioned. Also, some effective and remarkable strategies were presented in order to help teachers to get better performance. Moreover, some teaching methods were suggested to develop the classroom interaction skills of students. 

This study attempts to identify the use of metadiscourse (MD) in the Libyan science lectures and investigate the lecturers’ perceptions towards the use of MD. Six audio-recorded lectures from the fields of chemistry, physics, and botany were selected in this study. To analyze this collected spoken data, Hyland’s (2005) analytical framework of metadiscourse has been used. The findings showed that interactive metadiscourse was used more than interactional metadiscourse. Among all the subcategories, transitions, engagements and code glosses were the most common markers. The absence and lack of some categories were remarkable as self-mention and evidentials. The results of this study may suggest that when teaching or learning a language, metadiscourse should be given special consideration by both language instructors and students.

Melanoma is one of the fatal forms of skin cancer, and has become more common, especially among white-skinned people exposed to the sun. Early detection of melanoma is essential to increase survival rates, since its detection in an early stage can be helpful and curable. Working out the dermoscopic clinical features of melanoma is an important step for dermatologists, who need an accurate way of reaching the correct clinical diagnosis, and to ensure the right area gets the right treatment. In this paper, we present a comprehensive approach including image enhancement, segmentation of lesions and melanoma detection, to allow for early detection of malignant melanoma disease. As an image enhancement, the Gabor filter, image sharpening, Sobel filter and image inpainting methods are integrated to delete unwanted objects (noise). The lesion border segmentation is performed by combining the Particle Swarm Optimization and the Markov Random Field approaches. To be able to determine the lesions types, the K-means is applied on the segmented lesion, to separate it into homogeneous clusters, where important features are extracted, then an Artificial Neural Network is trained by representative features to classify the given lesion as melanoma or not. The whole experimental results obtained on a public database PH2 and compared with existing methods in the literature have shown that our proposed approach is accurate, robust, and efficient in the segmentation of the lesion boundary, as well as its classification.