تقدم هذه الورقة بحثاً حول إطار عمل يعتمد على التعلم العميق للتصنيف متعدد الملصقات لأمراض الصدر باستخدام صور الأشعة السينية وبنية EfficientNet. يعالج هذا الإطار تحدي تشخيص الحالات المتعددة التي تتشابه في المظهر وغالباً ما تحدث معاً. يستخدم إطار العمل تقنية التعلم بنقل الخبرة (Transfer Learning)، مع إجراء ضبط دقيق لعدة متغيرات من نموذج EfficientNet (من B0 إلى B4) باستخدام مجموعة بيانات NIH ChestX-ray14. كما يوظف البحث تقنيات Focal Loss و Stochastic Weight Averaging لمعالجة اختلال توازن البيانات وتحسين قدرة النموذج على التعميم. يعتمد هذا النهج على آليات الانتباه (Attention Mechanisms) وتقنية Grad-CAM لجعل النتائج أكثر قابلية للتفسير، مما يثبت أن التوقعات تستند إلى ميزات سريرية هامة. حقق النموذج درجات عالية في مقياس ROC-AUC للحالات الأكثر وضوحاً مثل الانصباب (0.8545)، وتضخم القلب (0.8003)، والاسترواح الصدري (0.7820). ومع ذلك، واجه النموذج صعوبة أكبر في تصنيف الحالات الأكثر دقة مثل الارتشاح، والعقيدات، والالتهاب الرئوي. يؤدي إطار العمل بشكل يضاهي أو يتفوق على العديد من نماذج الشبكات العصبية التلافيفية (CNN) القائمة من حيث الدقة والكفاءة. يوفر هذا البحث سير عمل قوياً وقابلاً للتكرار لتطبيقات الأشعة، مع إمكانية استخدامه في مهام تشخيصية أخرى. كما تشير الدراسة إلى بعض المعوقات، مثل اختلال توازن الفئات والحاجة إلى دعم أفضل لاتخاذ القرارات السريرية، وتقترح تحسينات مستقبلية مثل تقنيات أفضل لتعزيز البيانات ونمذجة عدم اليقين.

Abstract: 

This study presents a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the construction of political identity 

during periods of revolutionary crisis. It examines the dichotomous representation of Muammar 

Gaddafi in February 2011 through two primary data streams: his first major public address 

following the uprising (February 22, 2011) and the contemporaneous visual and textual 

coverage in three newspapers—The Sun (UK), The Daily News (a prominent US tabloid-style 

outlet), and Alshourouq (Egypt). Employing Fairclough’s (1992) three-dimensional model of 

CDA, Halliday’s (1978) Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), and Kress and van Leeuwen’s 

(2006) grammar of visual design, the analysis reveals a profound disjuncture between Gaddafi’s 

linguistic self-fashioning and his mediated portrayal. Findings indicate that Gaddafi’s speech 

strategically deployed lexical choices, transitivity, and modality to construct identities of a 

rightful leader, paternal protector, and historical embodiment of Libya. Conversely, the selected 

newspapers, despite ideological nuances, converged on a representational framework depicting 

Gaddafi as weak, cowardly, and delegitimized, primarily through specific visual framing, 

camera angles, and captions. This study argues that the conflict between these representations 

is not merely descriptive but deeply ideological, reflecting the struggle for discursive hegemony 

during the Arab Spring, where control over narrative became a key battleground alongside 

military confrontation.

Despite the critical demand for advanced English proficiency in Libyan 

higher education, primary public schools, particularly in rural areas, have 

been neglected. This qualitative study investigates the imperative for 

implementing improved methodologies in Teaching English as a Foreign 

Language (EFL) in Libyan primary public schools, using the post-conflict 

rural municipality of Al Gwaleesh as a case study. Data were collected by 

questionnaires and classroom observations from ten teachers and ten third

year pupils. The findings reveal a systemic reliance on traditional Grammar

Translation Methods, a stark deficiency of resources (including basic 

teaching aids and ICT), and minimal student engagement. Teachers 

demonstrated limited application of Communicative Language Teaching 

(CLT) principles, focusing predominantly on rote memorization and written 

exercises. Consequently, pupils reported low motivation and a failure to 

grasp the language's practical utility. The study concludes that a 

fundamental overhaul of EFL pedagogy in Libya is urgently required, 

recommending the integration of audio-visual aids, activity-based learning, 

and 

strategic 

incorporation 

of 

Information and Communication 

Technologies (ICTs) to foster intrinsic motivation and build a sustainable 

foundation for English proficiency.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Dental caries is a major global issue that has been connected to a number of systemic issues, necessitating multidisciplinary investigation. Examining dental degradation in conjunction with Helicobacter pylori infection provides a unique perspective on gut and oral health in Tripoli, Libya. Previously linked to peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis, H. pylori has recently been linked to tooth health. This change in viewpoint is crucial because there was no discernible link between the infection and chronic illnesses like diabetes, hypertension, or even smoking, indicating the necessity for measures to raise awareness of good oral hygiene among afflicted individuals. The prevalence of H. pylori was clearly linked to declining dental health when examining Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) scores; this relationship was particularly evident in older participants and those with poor oral hygiene. METHODS AND MATERIALS: a cross-sectional design was used, 135 randomly selected participants to ensure that our sample was representative of the local community. Following a thorough review of each patient's medical history, which included chronic conditions, socioeconomic status, and dental hygiene practices, a dentist qualified to perform this type of evaluation examined each patient for evidence of decay using well-known metrics such as the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) score. Based on previous research, serological tests (detection of H. pylori antibodies) were performed to determine the presence of H. pylori in order to minimize discomfort and avoid the bias that occasionally arises with more intrusive gut collection methods. THE AIM: of this study is to provide a significant contribution to the present literature with genuine potential to influence public health policies and dental care programs targeted at reducing health inequities in the region, provided that the study is carefully planned and some innovative data management is done. RESULTS: This result essentially shows that additional interdisciplinary research is required to adequately map out the cause-and-effect relationship between H. pylori and dental caries. Curiously, it also supports previous research that suggested this bacterium might contribute to oral disorders, supporting the notion that a comprehensive, multimodal strategy is required to address oral and general health concerns. By lowering the rate of dental decay, local, community-driven initiatives to enhance oral hygiene may hold the key to minimizing the effects of H. pylori. The study emphasizes that reducing the disparities in oral health observed in Tripoli may depend on making dental treatment more accessible, particularly for those from lower-income backgrounds. Conclusion: An infection with Helicobacter pylori is substantially linked to a higher prevalence of dental caries. Both dental decay and H. pylori infection are significantly influenced by age, with poorer oral health being seen in older people. Infrequent dental checkups and poor oral hygiene are two factors that raise the DMFT index. People with diabetes, high blood pressure, and acidity have far worse tooth health. Dental caries is significantly influenced by economic level, with slightly worse outcomes for those with greater incomes. The DMFT score and H. pylori prevalence do not seem to be significantly impacted by smoking or gender. This study confirms our presumptions between H. pylori and dental cavities while highlighting the critical necessity for integrated healthcare systems. Keywords: Dental Caries, Helicobacter Pylori, Gastritis, Tripoli, Libya.