Purpose

Since financial sector plays a critical economic role in Hong Kong, the current research aims to comprehensively analyze the association between financial development and economic growth in the country to draw correct conclusions about the impact that financial sector's development has on the growth of the economy. This requires both using of more comprehensive data that includes all or nearly all elements of the country's financial sector and utilizing advanced econometrics techniques to provide more reliable evidence based on the findings. In the study, both issues have been addressed more academically to aid the relevant authorities better.

Design/methodology/approach

This study empirically examines the financial development-economic growth nexus in Hong Kong employing data covering 1980–2019. The quantile-on-quantile (QQ) approach of Sim and Zhou (2015) is utilized to investigate certain subtle aspects of the association linking financial development and economic growth. In addition, the authors benefit from applying the nonlinear Granger causality test of Diks and Panchenko (2006) to assess the variables' nexus in a nonlinear manner.

Findings

In contrast to the evidence of a unidirectional linkage documented in many related studies, the empirical findings suggest that a bi-directional relationship exists between financial development and economic growth for Hong Kong. This is a helpful input for the relevant policymakers and implies that they can set appropriate policies and regulations to balance financial development and economic growth in this country.

في هدا البحث كنتيجة لنظرية العوامل الوحيدة في نظرية الاعداد والتي تنص على ان كل عدد طبيعي هو عدد اولى او يمكن كتابته كحاصل ضرب اعداد اولية , بالإمكان تقسيم مجموعة الاعداد الطبيعية الى عدد لانهائي من المستويات المنفصلة التي يحتوى كل مستوى منها عدد لانهائي من الاعداد ماعدا المستوى .

وكانت الدراسة متمثلة في الاتى :

1-مقارنة الاعداد في كل المستويات

2-قابلية القسمة بين كل الاعداد في كل المستويات

https://dspace.zu.edu.ly/bitstream/handle/1/2293/Walid%20Al-Dawy%20Al-Mashreqi.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

رابط البحث

The impact of using Total Physical Response in teaching vocabulary to younger learners in Assaba area (Jandoba Preparatory School)

Waleed aldhawi almishraqi

Faculty of Arts –Assaba

University of Gharyan

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether teaching vocabulary to students through Total Physical Response is effective. The 8th grade and his English teacher at Jandob Preparatory School were the case study of this paper. In collecting data, the researcher used test and interview. The tests were used to know the improvement of the vocabulary after using TPR method. Meanwhile, the interview was used to know to what extend teacher know TPR. According to tests results showed that improvement of students after using TPR from 41.6% to 74.2%andthe information obtained from the teacher's interview shown that he was unaware of TPR. The findings of the study support the idea that TPR improve students' vocabulary understanding.

Key words : Total physical response(TPR), vocabulary, students, elementary, pupils.

هدف هذه الدراسة هو التأكد مما إذا كان تدريس المفردات للطلاب من خلال الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية فعالًا. وكانت دراسة حالة الصف الثامن ومعلم اللغة الإنجليزية في مدرسة جندوبة الإعدادية هي موضوع هذه الورقة. في جمع البيانات، استخدم الباحث الاختبار والمقابلة. استخدمت الاختبارات لمعرفة تحسين المفردات بعد استخدام طريقة الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية. في حين استخدمت المقابلة لمعرفة مدى دراية المعلم بالاستجابة الجسدية الكلية. ووفقًا لنتائج الاختبارات، أظهرت تحسينًا في مستوى المفردات للطلاب بعد استخدام الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية من 41.6٪ إلى 74.2٪ ، وأظهرت معلومات المقابلة التي تم الحصول عليها من المعلم أنه غير مدرك للتقنية. تدعم نتائج الدراسة فكرة أن الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية تحسن فهم المفردات لدى الطلاب

كلمات مفتاحية: الاستجابة الجسدية الكلية (TPR) ، المفردات ، الطلاب ، المرحلة الإعدادية  ، الطلاب.

Abstract

This research was conducted to investigate the difficulties that faced teachers and EFL learners while they are teaching speaching skills. Furthermore, it has been defined the meaning of teaching speaking. In addition, it has been expounded some strategies which help teachers to get better performance during teaching speaking skills. It has been mentioned some effective teaching techniques in which focus on young learners and the importance role of teachers in teaching speacking skills. Also, a number of advices have been mentioned to guarantee efficient learning.

Abstract

The research was conducted to investigate the impact of classroom interaction on English language learning different levels of education. Furthermore, the meaning of classroom interaction has been defined. In addition, some factors to create effective and interaction in classroom have mentioned. Also, some effective and remarkable strategies were presented in order to help teachers to get better performance. Moreover, some teaching methods were suggested to develop the classroom interaction skills of students. 

This study attempts to identify the use of metadiscourse (MD) in the Libyan science lectures and investigate the lecturers’ perceptions towards the use of MD. Six audio-recorded lectures from the fields of chemistry, physics, and botany were selected in this study. To analyze this collected spoken data, Hyland’s (2005) analytical framework of metadiscourse has been used. The findings showed that interactive metadiscourse was used more than interactional metadiscourse. Among all the subcategories, transitions, engagements and code glosses were the most common markers. The absence and lack of some categories were remarkable as self-mention and evidentials. The results of this study may suggest that when teaching or learning a language, metadiscourse should be given special consideration by both language instructors and students.

Abstract

 In recent years, there has been much emphasis and motivation for teaching at schools of different levels to move from the traditional way of teaching “chalk and talk‟ to a more creative and innovative teaching methodology. In this paper, it has been defined the creative thinking and its hidden meaning, also it has explained the creativity as a process which has included four kinds (fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration). Likewise, it has been mention some barriers that prevent the students of the creative thinking that has divided into three kinds of blocks (perceptual blocks, emotional blocks and cultural blocks). Furthermore, some stimulated strategies and techniques have been explainedd in order to enhance and support using creative thinking of young students. In addition , distinct types of media which have been involved in modern teaching techniques in order to create more creative thoughts which may be helpful in improving the creative thinking of young students. Moreover, some facts about how to prepare for the age of modern teaching technology have offered. Some remarkable examples: encourage students to use different computer programs, electronic mail, databases in their research or ask and answer of their varied questions. The importance of this paper has been embodied in the following: It gives opportunity to influence the personality of teachers to improve their traditional methods of teaching and it is an attempt to change the ministry of education’s policies relating to the current curriculum , in order to move forward more understanding and creative thinking of the information more than memorization.

Nowadays, the bulk of e-commerce is carried out in English. At the same time, however, the emergence and growth of Arab e-commerce has attracted attention from e-commerce giants, such as AliBaba and Amazon. Acquiring a deeper understanding of culture-specific advertising practices is thus quickly becoming necessary for digital advertisers and marketers seeking to tap into both English- and Arabic-speaking consumer markets. Despite this, little has been written on online advertising discourse within the particular contexts. To address this, the present study reports on a pragmatic two-level rhetorical analysis of the macro-structure of the sub-genre of online advertisements in English and Arabic and focuses on the identification of the persuasive linguistic features employed to signal constituent moves. Drawing upon Swales’ move-step model of rhetorical analysis, the exploration of a comparable corpus of 100 online advertisements of skin care products per language introduced new layers in the rhetorical organisation of [online] advertisements. The results revealed that English and Arabic advertisements consisted of both common and culture-specific rhetorical moves. The persuasive strategies employed common lexico-grammatical features at syntactic, semantic, and discoursal level, albeit to a different extent. Overall, the results of this study illustrate that online advertisements of skin care products could be considered as a particular sub-genre with context-specific macro- and micro-structures. Through the investigation of the specific datasets, this study expands upon the existing analytical frameworks used for the study of advertising discourse and adds to the intercultural exploration of the rhetorical structures and persuasive strategies used in online advertisements.

Thyroid function is impaired by diabetes, resulting into thyroid disorders, accompanied by the alteration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of vitamin D supplementation on TSH and total T4 levels in serum of Libyan patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with thyroid disorders. A total of 180 subjects were recruited and distributed into two groups: 80 participants in control group (43 females and 37 males), with an age range of 26-72 years, and 100 participants in T2DM patient group (54 females and 46 males), with an age range of 26-63 years. Each T2DM patient received a monthly intramuscular injection of 200000 ng/ml vitamin D for three months. Glucose, vitamin D, total T4 and TSH levels were determined in serum samples of healthy subjects and of T2DM patients (pre- and post-administration of vitamin D). After the T2DM group received vitamin D supplementation, the mean of vitamin D level increased in the T2DM, while the mean of glucose level decreased. Most importantly, the mean of total T4 level for patients increased significantly (p ˂ 0.05) from 1.34 to 8.23 g/dL, both of which were lower than the control group mean 10.99 g/dL. In contrast, the mean of TSH level for patients decreased significantly (p ˂ 0.05) from 11.77 to 2.71 mU/L, and both values were greater than the control group mean 2.01 mU/L. ANOVA results showed that age, gender, and body mass index had no significant individual interactions (p > 0.05) with vitamin D supplementation on total T4 and TSH levels. Vitamin D supplementation had a beneficial role on total T4 and TSH levels in serum of Libyan T2DM patients with thyroid disorders.