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Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in many regions of the world, and has a significant economic and health impacts. Despite the numerous proposed therapies for this zoonotic parasitic disease. Currently, there is no definitive cure for CL. Meglumine antimony compounds are regarded as the typical treatment for leishmaniasis. However, they have a rather high incidence of adversative effects, that always, are not successful. Alternatively, Paromomycin and dapsone were used in various studies, though, with conflict results. Aim of study: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of using of paromomycin cream, oral dapson and their combination in treatment of CL. Patients and Methods: This study is a prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out at the private outpatient Al- Ahlam Center of Dermatology and Cosmetology in city of Gharyan, Libya. That started from 1st of January 2020 to end of Dec 2021. 42 patients were joining this study, and randomly were divided into three groups according to protocol of treatment to assess the clinical response of the treatment methods. Results Regarding the outcome of the three different treatment regimen and after exclusion of the patients stop their follow-up; we found that 50% of dapsone treated group cleared the lesions in 1-2 months versus only 40% in paromomycin & Dapsone treated group and 0% for the paromomycin group, only 8 patients had no improvement with received treatment; 4 (33.3%) from dapsone group, 2 (20%) from each other group (P=0.036) Conclusion: Using of paromomycin & dapson combination in treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis shows better result and early clearance LC lesions, whereas, using of topical paromomycin cream or oral dapsone alone were effective. Also, our results showed that, paromomycin is effective, safe and well tolerated in children. Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Paromomycin, Dapson, Gharyan, Libya

الخلاصة:

تتناول المقالة الطرق الحالية لمعالجة النفايات البلدية الصلبة في سياق كفاءتها الشاملة. تم

إج ا رء اختبار تجريبي لتقنية فعالة وصديقة للبيئة لتغويز النفايات الصلبة بالبلازما، وأكدت النتائج

التي تم الحصول عليها إمكانية الحصول على غاز اصطناعي عالي السع ا رت الح ا ررية.

ABSTRACT Background. This case report highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment for intramedullary spinal cord hemangioma, which is a rare condition that can present with common symptoms of various spinal cord pathologies. The report recommends decompression laminectomy as the appropriate intervention for this condition. This report adds to the existing clinical literature on intramedullary spinal cord hemangioma and can assist clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of similar cases. Case report. The patient is a 30-year-old female who complained of left leg heaviness, cramps, numbness, and urinary incontinence. MRI revealed a suspected intradural intramedullary lesion, as high as VTh5, suspected to be ependymoma or astrocytoma. The patient underwent decompressive laminectomy on thoracalis vertebra 5-7 and spinal cord mass with hemorrhage and calcification components was observed on post-operative Spinal CT Angiography. The mass was found to have a feeder artery from spinal branches of the left right a. intercostalis at T5 level and spinal branches of the left a. intercostalis at T6 level. Thoracolumbar spondylosis was also observed. Conclusion. The clinical impact of vertebral hemangioma lies in its potential to cause neurological deficits due to spinal cord or nerve root compression. Early diagnosis and treatment through imaging modalities such as MRI and surgical intervention, such as laminectomy, can alleviate symptoms and prevent disability or mortality. However, careful consideration of the patient’s clinical history, imaging findings, and neurological status is necessary for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Keywords: hemangioma, spinal cord capillary, intramedullary, laminectomy decompression, case reportcognitive deficits

This study reports a rapid and eco-friendly green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate solution using winter jasmine leaves extract as a reducing agent of Ag+ to Ag0. A visible Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to monitor the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The visible spectrum showed an absorption peak at 420 nm which reflects the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of AgNPs. In addition to that, the synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by the color change of the solution. By studying the most important factors affecting the formation of AgNPs, it was noted that the productivity of AgNPs in the solution increased by increasing the pH of the solution, and the basic medium was the appropriate medium for the synthesis process. Also, the amount of produced AgNPs increased with the increase in temperature, volume of extract, reaction time, the extract volume ratio of the winter jasmine leaves, and silver nitrate concentration. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of winter jasmine leaves represents a suitable material for the biosynthesis of AgNPs, and large amounts of AgNPs with appropriate sizes may be obtained by controlling the parameters that affect the synthesis process.