Clostridioides difficile is widely recognised as one of the most common causes of healthcare-associated C. difficile infections due to the ability of spores to survive for prolonged periods in the hospital environment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of UV-C 254 nm light in the inactivation of the spores of different C. difficile ribotypes on brain heart infusion (BHI) agar plates or in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with varying spore densities. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a sporicidal surface disinfectant against C. difficile spores was determined on different surfaces. Spore suspensions of different C. difficile strains in the range of 10⁵–10⁷ colony-forming units (CFUs) mL⁻¹ were inoculated on BHI agar plates or in PBS and exposed to UV-C light for up to 30 min. Additionally, a spore suspension of 10³–10⁵ CFUs was spread over a 1 cm² test area on different surfaces, and sporicidal surface wipes were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The findings demonstrated that spores of C. difficile ribotypes exhibited a complete reduction in log₁₀ CFU on BHI agar plates and PBS following 20 min of exposure to a UV-C dose of 2208 mJ cm⁻². The surface wipes with sporicidal properties demonstrated efficacy in reducing the number of C. difficile spores on the Formica, stainless steel, and plastic surfaces by 2.03–3.53 log₁₀. The present study demonstrates that moist surfaces or liquids can enhance the efficacy of UV-C treatment in reducing C. difficile spores. This approach may be applicable to the surfaces of healthcare facilities and to water disinfection systems.

Abstract Background:- Depakine (valproic acid) is an antiepileptic medication that is commonly used as a first‑line treatment for a variety of seizures in both adults and children. However, it can result in testicular toxicity by increasing oxida tive stress inflammation. Melatonin (MLT) has antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, and anti‑apoptotic potential. Therefore, the present study investigated the impact of MLT on depakine‑induced testicular damage in rats.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, causes of tooth loss, and associated factors among the older adult population attending dental clinics in the city of Gharyan in Libya. A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among adults who came to private clinics in the city of Gharyan in Libya. There were 160 patients participated in the study. Those that met the inclusion criteria had their data collected via self-administered questionnaires. Computer-assisted techniques used to examine the data (IPMSPSS). The results of the present study indicated that the major cause of tooth loss was dental caries (65.56%), followed by periodontal disease (11.88%). and more teeth loss was in the female than male and increased tooth loss with aging. In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of tooth loss. Females lost more teeth than males. Increased proportion of tooth loss seen in the elderly population.

كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو التحقيق في انتشار وأسباب فقدان الأسنان والعوامل المرتبطة بها بين كبار السن الذين يرتادون عيادات الأسنان في مدينة غريان في ليبيا. أجريت دراسة وصفية مقطعية بين البالغين الذين جاءوا إلى العيادات الخاصة في مدينة غريان في ليبيا. شارك في الدراسة 160 مريضًا. تم جمع بيانات أولئك الذين استوفوا معايير الإدراج من خلال استبيانات ذاتية الإدارة. تم استخدام تقنيات بمساعدة الكمبيوتر لفحص البيانات (IPMSPSS). أشارت نتائج الدراسة الحالية إلى أن السبب الرئيسي لفقدان الأسنان كان تسوس الأسنان (65.56٪)، يليه مرض اللثة (11.88٪). وكان فقدان الأسنان أكثر لدى الإناث منه لدى الذكور وزيادة فقدان الأسنان مع تقدم العمر. في الختام، كان هناك انتشار كبير لفقدان الأسنان. فقدت الإناث أسنانًا أكثر من الذكور. زادت نسبة فقدان الأسنان لدى كبار السن

: Abstract

applications of complexes are very important in different sectors like the pharmaceutical industrial. So, this study aimed to preparation sodium salts of amino acids complexes by using K2PtCl6, Cu (NO3)2.3H2O, HgCl2 and ZnCl2 as a ligand reaction with the sodium salts of the following amino acids: glycine (glyH), L-alanine (alaH), L-phenylalanine (pheH). The following complexes were isolated: Na [Pt(gly)Cl4] .0.5C2H5OH, [Cu(ala)2].0.5C2H5OH, [Pt(ala)3Cl].C2H5OH.4H2O, [Pt(phe)2Cl2].0.5C2H5OH.1.5H2O, [Hg(phe)2].9H2O, [Zn(phe)2].C2H5OH. The isolated complexes have been characterized by their elemental analysis’s solubility, conductivity measurements, IR, electronic absorption and C13 NMR spectra.

Keywords: Metal complexes, Amino acids, Characterization.

الملخص:

تطبيقات المعقدات مهمة جد ا في مجاالت مختلفة مثل الصناعات الدوائية، عليه است هدفت هذه الدراسة تح ضير معقدات أمالح الصوديوم أمالح مع الليكاندات كتفاعالت K2PtCl6, Cu (NO3)2.3H2O, HgCl2 and ZnCl2 معقدات بواسطة الصوديوم لألحماض األميني ة التالية: الجاليسي ين (glyH(، L- أالنين (alaH(، L- فينيل أالنين )pheH). وت م الحصول على ست معقدات مختلفة: Na [Pt(gly)Cl4] .0.5C2H5OH, [Cu(ala)2].0.5C2H5OH, [Pt(ala)3Cl].C2H5OH.4H2O, [Pt(phe)2Cl2].0.5C2H5OH.1.5H2O, [Hg(phe)2].9H2O, [Zn(phe)2].C2H5OH تم تشخيص هذه المركبات عن طريق تحليل العناصر المكونة لها وايجاد نسبتها باإلضافة إلى استعمال الطرق الفيزيائ ية األتية: درجة االنصهار، الذائ ب ية، التوصيل الكهربائي لمحاليلها، واألطي اف تحت الحمراء والمرئية وفوق البنفسجية إلى الرنين المغناطيسي.

الكلمات المفتاحية: المعقدات، األحماض األمينية، التشخيص.

:Abstract

This project includes and in deification the complexes of amino acid L-serine (serH) L-cysteine (cysH) , and L-threonin (thrH₂) with some ions of trace elements such as K₂ptCl₆ ,

Cu(NO₃)₂.3H₂O , ZnCl₂ and HgCl₂ were studied by Infrared-spectra ‘NMR from this identification studies can give the structure formed for the complexes with were prepare with amino acids :

Na[pt(ser)Cl₄] .0.5C₂H₅OH   ,[Hg(ser)₂] .9H₂O , [Cu(ser)₂] , Na[pt(cys)₂Cl₃].0.5C₂H₅OH.3H₂O and

Keywords: metal complexes – Amino acids – Characterization .

الملخص:                                                                                                                                                              تم في هذا البحث تحضير وتشخيص بعض المعقدات من تفاعل بعض من ايونات العناصر هي : Z(II) , Cu(II) , Pt(IV) , Hg(II)    مع الأحماض الأمينية مثل السستايين و السيرين و الثرونين و التي شخصت بعدة طرق منها طيف الأشعة تحت الحمراء والمرئية وفوق البنفسجية بالأضافة الى استعمال الطرق الفيزيائية الأتية : درجة الأنصهار والذائيبية والتوصيل الكهربائي لمحاليلها .

الكلمات المفتاحية : الأحماض الأمينية – المعقدات – التشخيص

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is a prevalent health issue among children, with potential consequences for bone health and overall well-being. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a pediatric population and identify associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 children (aged 1-10 years) recruited from medical laboratories in Gharyan City, Libya, between January 2022 and June 2024. Participants were categorized based on their vitamin D levels (deficient, insufficient, adequate, or optimal). Demographic data (age, gender) and vitamin D levels were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA. Approximately half of the study participants (49.75%) exhibited vitamin D deficiency. Females had a slightly higher prevalence of deficiency (27.5%) compared to males (22.25%). Significant differences in vitamin D levels were observed across age groups. Infants under 12 months had higher levels compared to older children (36-72 months). While gender was not a significant predictor of vitamin D deficiency in our study, previous research has suggested potential gender-related disparities. The findings of this study highlight the concerning prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children in the region. Age appears to be a significant factor influencing vitamin D status, with younger children being more susceptible to deficiency. While gender may not be a major determinant in this population. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our study underscores the importance of promoting sun exposure, dietary intake of vitamin D-rich foods, and supplementation strategies to address this public health issue. Further research is needed to explore the underlying factors contributing to vitamin D deficiency in children